DIM (Diindolylmethane)
Also known as: diindolylmethane, 3,3'-diindolylmethane, BioResponse DIM, BR-DIM, DIM-BR
Diindolylmethane is the acid-condensation product of indole-3-carbinol, a compound released when cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli and cabbage are chewed. It is studied for shifting estrogen metabolism toward the 2-hydroxy pathway and appears in women's hormone-balance, PMS, and men's estrogen-management formulas. RCTs have used 75–150 mg daily; results on estrogen metabolite ratios and cervical cytology were modest or null, though tolerability was good. Crystalline DIM absorbs poorly, so dispersed forms such as BioResponse DIM are common.
Research summary
Modulates CYP1A1/1B1 activity to favor 2-hydroxyestrone formation and acts as a weak aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligand.
Dosage
Daily amounts, of compound.
| Lowest studied | Typical range | Highest studied | Upper limit |
|---|---|---|---|
| 75 mg | 100–300 mg | — | — |
Trials used 75 mg (as 300 mg BioResponse DIM) for 30 days and 150 mg daily for six months. Products commonly deliver 100–300 mg; absorption-enhanced grades are dosed on their DIM content. Take with food. Urine may turn harmless amber-orange at higher intakes.
Standardization: ≥98% DIM or dispersed complex assayed for DIM content
Source material: synthetic (from indole-3-carbinol) or cruciferous vegetable extract
As supplied: BioResponse DIM is roughly 25% DIM by weight; crystalline DIM is near 100%. Enter dose on a DIM basis.
Format suitability
- Capsule
- Powder
- Tablet
- Softgel
- Gummy
- Liquid
Poorly water-soluble crystalline powder; capsules and tablets standard. Dispersed complexes are bulkier.
Formulation notes
Induces CYP1A2 and may alter clearance of some drugs; theoretical interaction with hormone therapies. Not recommended during pregnancy given hormonal activity.
- Not for pregnancy
Sources
- Effect of diindolylmethane supplementation on low-grade cervical cytological abnormalities: double-blind, randomised, controlled trial. (Castañon, 2012)PubMed
- Effectiveness of 3,3'-Diindolylmethane Supplements on Favoring the Benign Estrogen Metabolism Pathway and Decreasing Body Fat in Premenopausal Women. (Godínez-Martínez, 2023)PubMed
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