Peak ATP (Adenosine 5'-Triphosphate Disodium)
Also known as: Peak ATP, ATP disodium, adenosine 5'-triphosphate disodium, oral ATP
Peak ATP is a patented, orally stable form of adenosine 5'-triphosphate disodium from TSI Group. Oral ATP is not absorbed intact into muscle; instead it is proposed to raise extracellular ATP signaling that increases blood flow and reduces fatigue. A 12-week randomized, placebo-controlled trial of 400 mg per day in resistance-trained men reported greater strength, power, and muscle thickness gains and less performance loss during overreaching. A 2024 meta-analysis found modest benefits for anaerobic performance. Used in pre-workouts and strength formulas.
Research summary
Extracellular ATP and its metabolites act on purinergic receptors to increase vasodilation and blood flow to working muscle.
Dosage
Daily amounts, of compound.
| Lowest studied | Typical range | Highest studied | Upper limit |
|---|---|---|---|
| 400 mg | 400 mg | 400 mg | — |
400 mg once daily, taken 30 minutes before training on training days and in the morning on rest days, matching the 12-week trial. Fixed-dose branded ingredient.
Standardization: ≥95% ATP disodium (Peak ATP)
Source material: fermentation-derived ATP disodium salt
Format suitability
- Capsule
- Powder
- Tablet
- Softgel
- Gummy
- Liquid
Water-soluble, mildly acidic powder; works in flavored pre-workout powders, capsules, and tablets. Stability in liquids is limited.
Formulation notes
No notable conflicts; commonly stacked with creatine and citrulline.
Sources
- Effects of oral adenosine-5'-triphosphate supplementation on athletic performance, skeletal muscle hypertrophy and recovery in resistance-trained men. (Wilson, 2013)PubMed
- The Effect of Oral Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) Supplementation on Anaerobic Exercise in Healthy Resistance-Trained Individuals: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. (González-Marenco, 2024)PubMed
- TSI Group — Peak ATPSupplier
Related ingredients
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Typical: 3.2–6.4 g
L-Citrulline
Sports performanceA non-protein amino acid that the kidneys convert to arginine, raising plasma arginine more efficiently than oral arginine itself.
Typical: 6–8 g
BCAA 2:1:1 (Leucine, Isoleucine, Valine)
Sports performanceA blend of the three branched-chain amino acids, most often at a 2:1:1 ratio of leucine to isoleucine to valine, that has been a staple of intra-workout drinks for decades.
Typical: 5–10 g
Citrulline Malate (2:1)
Sports performanceA salt of citrulline and malic acid, most often in a 2:1 ratio, that has been the traditional form in pre-workouts.
Typical: 6–8 g
Sodium Bicarbonate
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Typical: 14–21 g