Ingredient directory

Dried and milled beet root or beet juice, used in pre-workout, endurance, and heart-health powders as a whole-food source of dietary nitrate.

Typical: 5–10 g

A concentrated beet root extract standardized to a declared nitrate content so that a nitric-oxide dose can be delivered in a capsule or small scoop instead of gram-level powder.

Typical: 300–500 mg

A shrub root from Siberia and northern Asia, marketed for decades as Siberian ginseng even though it is not a true Panax species.

Typical: 300–1,200 mg

An extract of the berries of a woody vine native to northern China and Korea, prized in traditional practice as a five-flavor tonic and used in modern adaptogen, liver, and endurance formulas.

Typical: 500–1,000 mg