Ingredient directory

Ascorbic acid is the reference form of vitamin C and the most common form in supplements; NIH ODS notes its bioavailability equals that of vitamin C naturally present in food.

Typical: 250–1,000 mg

The succinate ester of natural (RRR or d-) alpha-tocopherol, the one vitamin E form the body maintains in plasma and the form on which the RDA is based.

Typical: 67–268 mg

Sodium ascorbate is the sodium salt of ascorbic acid.

Typical: 250–1,000 mg

Beta-carotene is an orange plant pigment that the body can split into retinol as needed, which is why it is called provitamin A.

Typical: 3–15 mg

A natural oil concentrate containing all four tocopherols (alpha, beta, gamma, delta) in roughly the proportions found in vegetable oils, usually with gamma-tocopherol dominant.

Typical: 100–400 mg

Calcium ascorbate is the calcium salt of vitamin C, commonly supplied as the dihydrate.

Typical: 250–1,000 mg

Tocotrienols are the four unsaturated members of the vitamin E family (alpha, beta, gamma, delta), distinguished from tocopherols by a three-double-bond side chain that lets them move through membranes more freely.

Ascorbyl palmitate is an ester of ascorbic acid and palmitic acid that is soluble in fat rather than water.