Ingredient directory

Cyanocobalamin is the synthetic, highly stable form of vitamin B12 used in most supplements and fortified foods.

Typical: 100–1,000 mcg

Methylcobalamin is one of the two coenzyme forms of vitamin B12 that the body uses directly, in this case for the methionine synthase reaction that recycles homocysteine and supports methylation.

Typical: 100–1,000 mcg

Pyridoxine hydrochloride is the standard, inexpensive, and highly stable form of vitamin B6 used in nearly all multivitamins and B-complex products.

Typical: 1.7–50 mg

Niacinamide is the amide form of vitamin B3 and the niacin source used in most multivitamins because it delivers full NAD-precursor activity without the skin flush of nicotinic acid.

Typical: 16–35 mg

Thiamin hydrochloride is one of the two standard water-soluble salts of vitamin B1 used in supplements (the other is the mononitrate).

Typical: 1.5–100 mg

Nicotinic acid is the acid form of vitamin B3 and, with nicotinamide, one of the two standard niacin sources in supplements.

Typical: 16–35 mg

Riboflavin is the yellow, water-soluble B vitamin that the body builds into the flavin coenzymes FMN and FAD, which drive energy production and the recycling of other vitamins including B6, folate, and niacin.

Typical: 1.3–400 mg

Calcium pantothenate is the stable calcium salt used to deliver pantothenic acid (vitamin B5), the building block of coenzyme A and therefore of fat, carbohydrate, and protein metabolism.

Typical: 10–500 mg

Nicotinamide riboside is a naturally occurring form of vitamin B3 that the body converts to NAD+ through a shorter route than niacin or niacinamide.

Typical: 250–500 mg

Nicotinamide mononucleotide is the phosphorylated intermediate between nicotinamide riboside and NAD+ and one of the most popular healthy-aging ingredients.

Typical: 250–600 mg

Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate is the active coenzyme form of vitamin B6 and the form measured in blood to assess B6 status.

Typical: 1.7–50 mg

Benfotiamine is a synthetic, lipid-soluble derivative of thiamin that is converted to thiamin in the body.

Typical: 150–600 mg

Riboflavin 5'-phosphate is the phosphorylated coenzyme form of vitamin B2 (flavin mononucleotide), supplied as its sodium salt.

Typical: 1.3–25 mg

Adenosylcobalamin is the mitochondrial coenzyme form of vitamin B12, required by methylmalonyl-CoA mutase to feed odd-chain fatty acids and certain amino acids into the citric acid cycle.

Typical: 100–1,000 mcg