Bromelain
Also known as: pineapple enzyme, Ananas comosus stem extract, bromelin
Bromelain is a mixture of protein-digesting enzymes extracted from pineapple stem. It is used in digestive enzyme blends, joint and recovery formulas, and as a partner to quercetin. Enzyme activity, not milligram weight, determines potency; suppliers express it in GDU (gelatin digesting units) or MCU, with 2,400 GDU per gram being a common commercial grade. A systematic review and meta-analysis has examined its efficacy and safety across a range of clinical settings.
Research summary
Cysteine proteases studied for effects on inflammatory mediators and for aiding protein digestion.
Dosage
Daily amounts, of compound.
| Lowest studied | Typical range | Highest studied | Upper limit |
|---|---|---|---|
| 200 mg | 200–500 mg | — | — |
Doses are in mg but always specify activity: 200 to 500 mg of 2,400 GDU/g material provides roughly 480 to 1,200 GDU. Taken between meals for systemic use and with meals for digestion.
Standardization: 2,400 GDU/g (grades from 1,200 to 3,000 GDU/g exist)
Source material: pineapple stem extract
Format suitability
- Capsule
- Powder
- Tablet
- Softgel
- Gummy
- Liquid
Enzyme activity is heat- and moisture-sensitive; avoid gummies and liquids.
Formulation notes
Protease; keep away from protein ingredients in wet or high-humidity processes. Commonly paired with quercetin.
Sources
Related ingredients
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