Ingredient directory

Fish oil concentrate is a refined marine oil enriched in the long-chain omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA).

Typical: 500–2,000 mg

Enzymatically hydrolyzed collagen from bovine hide or bone, delivering short peptides rich in glycine, proline, and hydroxyproline.

Typical: 2.5–15 g

A concentrated turmeric rhizome extract standardized to 95% curcuminoids, the form used in most joint and inflammation research.

Typical: 500–1,500 mg

A concentrated extract of ginger rhizome standardized to gingerols, the pungent compounds responsible for most of its studied effects.

Typical: 250–1,000 mg

MSM is an organic sulfur compound found in small amounts in plants, milk, and the body.

Typical: 1,500–3,000 mg

Krill oil is extracted from Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba), a small crustacean.

Typical: 500–2,000 mg

A gum resin extract from the Boswellia serrata tree standardized to total boswellic acids, used in joint-comfort formulas often alongside curcumin.

Typical: 300–500 mg

Hyaluronic acid is a large glycosaminoglycan that holds water in skin, joint fluid, and connective tissue.

Typical: 80–200 mg

A branded curcumin delivery form in which curcuminoids are complexed with sunflower lecithin (a phytosome) to improve uptake.

Typical: 500–1,000 mg

Boron supplied as a blend of citrate, aspartate, and glycinate complexes, the usual form in bone, joint, and men's-hormone formulas.

Typical: 3–10 mg

Bromelain is a mixture of protein-digesting enzymes extracted from pineapple stem.

Typical: 200–500 mg

An amino sugar that is a building block of cartilage glycosaminoglycans, sold as the sulfate salt stabilized with potassium or sodium chloride.

Typical: 1,500 mg

The whole dried and ground rhizome of the turmeric plant, the same material used as a culinary spice.

Typical: 1,000–3,000 mg

A sulfated glycosaminoglycan that is a major structural component of cartilage, where it holds water and resists compression.

Typical: 800–1,200 mg

SAMe is the body's principal methyl donor, made from methionine and ATP, and participates in neurotransmitter synthesis, phospholipid methylation, and cartilage proteoglycan production.

Typical: 400–1,600 mg

A branded, undenatured (native) type II collagen from chicken sternum cartilage that works through a different route than hydrolyzed collagen: tiny oral doses are thought to induce immune tolerance to joint collagen via gut-associated lymphoid tissue.

Typical: 40 mg

The hydrochloride salt of glucosamine, which is more concentrated and more stable than the sulfate form and therefore cheaper per milligram of glucosamine.

Typical: 1,500 mg

Hydrolyzed type I collagen from fish skin and scales, positioned as a pescatarian-friendly and lower-molecular-weight alternative to bovine collagen.

Typical: 2.5–10 g

A boswellia gum resin extract enriched to 30% AKBA, the boswellic acid considered most active against 5-lipoxygenase.

Typical: 100–250 mg

A branded curcumin formulation in which curcumin is embedded in solid lipid particles to protect it from degradation in the gut and support delivery of free curcumin into circulation.

Typical: 400–800 mg

Pine bark extract is a polyphenol-rich extract of French maritime pine (Pinus pinaster) bark, standardized to oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPCs).

Typical: 50–200 mg

Eggshell membrane is the thin protein layer between an egg's shell and white.

Typical: 500 mg

A branded turmeric extract that recombines curcuminoids with turmeric essential oil (turmerones) rather than using a synthetic carrier.

Typical: 500–1,000 mg

An extract of bamboo stem and leaf standardized to a high silica content, typically about 70%, making it the most concentrated botanical silica source and a staple of hair, skin, and nail formulas.

Typical: 100–500 mg

A whole-bone extract made from bovine bone that keeps the natural hydroxyapatite mineral matrix together with collagen and other bone proteins.

Typical: 250–700 mg

Manganese chelated with glycine, about 15% elemental manganese in commercial grades, used in bone, joint, and antioxidant formulas where manganese serves as a cofactor for enzymes involved in cartilage and bone matrix formation.

Typical: 1–5 mg

A branded curcumin form that uses a hydrophilic carrier to make curcuminoids water-dispersible.

Typical: 250–500 mg

Devil's claw is a southern African plant whose secondary root tubers contain harpagoside and related iridoid glycosides.

Typical: 600–1,200 mg

A water-soluble manganese salt of gluconic acid with about 11–12% elemental manganese, common in multivitamins and bone formulas as an inexpensive, mild-tasting source.

Typical: 1–5 mg

White willow bark is the botanical ancestor of aspirin.

Typical: 800–1,600 mg

Cissus quadrangularis is a succulent vine used in Ayurveda for bone and joint recovery, where it is known as hadjod, the bone setter.

Typical: 500–1,500 mg

Borage oil is pressed from the seeds of Borago officinalis and is the most concentrated common plant source of gamma-linolenic acid, typically around 20% GLA, roughly twice the level in evening primrose oil.

Typical: 500–1,000 mg